The scientists think that the ethanol vapor must increase ethanol concentrations in the fluid to 20% to successfully treat the infection. This concentration is not toxic to lung cells the scientists created in the lab to mimic human cells. At body temperature, 20% ethanol can not only inactivate the influenza A virus outside of the cells in one minute, but also stop the virus from replicating inside these cells.

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Tamai, M., Taba, S., Mise, T., Yamashita, M., Ishikawa, H., & Shintake, T. Effect of Ethanol Vapor Inhalation Treatment on Lethal Respiratory Viral Infection With Influenza A. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiad089

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